MAKING ORGANIC FERTILIZER MADE FROM TRASH IN TOWN PROBOLINGGO

preliminaryProbolinggo city is one of the cities in the northern part of East Java province, located between lanes Surabaya - Banyuwangi . Covers approximately 5,667 hectares which is administratively divided into 3 ( three ) districts , namely District Mayangan ( with an area of ​​1,931 Ha ) , District Kademangan ( 2,151 ha ) and sub ​​Wonoasih ( 1,586 Ha ) . In 2005 , the population of the town of Probolinggo reach 186 221 inhabitants, with a population density reaches 3,568 jiwa/km2 City ( 1 ) .
Currently, the city of Probolinggo , including other cities in Indonesia , facing problems such as garbage fairly complicated environmental pollution due to burning and uncontrolled accumulation of trash , garbage disposal so as to cause the river to flood , and the difficulty of finding land The End Processing ( TPA ) . Indeed , the garbage problem can be solved by doing so become waste does not pollute the environment , improve the effectiveness of transporting waste , her resource recovery , and extend the life of the landfill .
Probolinggo waste generation reached 830 m3/day are distributed based on location: waste originating from residential areas reached 512 m3/day , 186 m3/day industrial area , the traditional market 85 m3 , 44 m3 trading facilities , and facilities 3 m3/day health . In general , waste Probolinggo dominated by organic waste and plastic to the composition : organic waste from markets to reach 92 percent , while 53 percent of the industrial area ( 1 ) . Composition of residential organic waste an estimated 60 percent of the biomass in the form of the remains of agricultural products derived from agricultural centers in rural or suburban sent to the city , such as vegetables , grains, fruits , and so on . Organic waste can be converted into high -quality organic fertilizer .
Agricultural land on the outskirts of the town of Probolinggo currently in desperate need of organic fertilizer to improve fertility is diminished . The use of chemical fertilizers has been done without coupled with the addition of organic material has led to nutrient-poor agricultural land and not crumbly . This condition is further exacerbated by the availability of chemical fertilizers is increasingly difficult to obtain that depress agricultural products . Therefore most farmers have been using organic fertilizers to correct back soil fertility . This experience began to be followed by other farmers and growers have succeeded in raising awareness of the importance of the use of organic fertilizers . As a result , demand for organic fertilizer also increased , but unfortunately the availability of quality organic fertilizer , cheap and easily available , very limited . With an area of 2,939 hectares of agricultural land is estimated to Probolinggo , requiring 21,000 tons of compost annually . By applying composting technology is expected garbage problem in the city of Probolinggo and problems of providing quality organic fertilizer for farmers can be solved .

Accelerated Technology Revolver Windrow Composting
To support the management of municipal solid waste into compost and to disseminate technologies that have been studied by BPPT , then in fiscal year 2008/2009 , Center for Environmental Technology - BPPT Accelerated technology implementation activities Revolver Windrow Composting ( ARWC ) in the city of Probolinggo .
Accelerated Technology revolver windrow composting ( ARWC ) or windrow composting systems accelerated scrolling is composting technology which has been developed by the Centre for Environmental Technology - BPPT that have been researched and proven reliability . ARWC technology is organic waste fermentation system that performed aerobics by stacked lengthwise ( windrow ) and rolled ( revolver ) on a regular basis so it turned into a stable material like humus or compost in a time called accelerated (accelerated ) . Microbes are used in fermentation are selected from natural microbial ( native microbe ) the results of the development itself is capable of performing rapid fermentation and can adapt well to the changing environment .
Characteristics ARWC technology is simple , easy , inexpensive and environmentally friendly so easily replicated and operated in any place in Indonesia. ARWC operation can be done either manually or mechanically depending on the circumstances . The process is odorless and fast lasts between 4 to 6 weeks . With the roll out process (revolve ) done , can be assured of aesthetic and ease the process . While the resulting product is of high quality compost , the compost that is free of weed seeds , hygienic ( free of pathogenic bacteria ) and contains high nutrients .
ARWC technology has proven reliability that has been applied in several places in Indonesia with diverse kinds of materials ranging from agricultural waste , industrial waste , municipal waste up . In fact , the technology has been recommended by the Ministry of Environment and the World Bank to be applied throughout Indonesia. In connection with the handling of municipal solid waste , ARWC technology contribute significantly important for urban development and the provision of organic fertilizer for agriculture .

Development of organic compost fertilizer production process in Probolinggo done with process optimization and improvement of facilities and composting infrastructure . Optimization process is carried out by applying technology that has ARWC compost production capacity can reach about 5 tons of compost per week .
Raw materials of organic fertilizer is organic waste that comes from several sources : (i ) residential , ( ii ) a sweep of the road and park , and ( iii ) market , which is transported to a composting plant with motor carts , . Pickup car , truck or dump truck armroll .
The first process before composting , waste must be sorted first on the source of waste and composting plant . Sorting at source involves community participation groups that are members of the community ( community groups ) care waste . Which has been disaggregated garbage at source and then transported by baktor by officers to be brought to the production of organic fertilizer . Meanwhile , the process of sorting waste at composting plant was done manually on waste from the market because it still contains many inorganic waste . Sorting process is done in the area of ​​unloading waste ( waste reduction ) and the enumeration space . Waste from street sweeping directly composted , no longer divided , because its composition was dominated by organic waste . Further organic waste collected , before fermented , first enumerated by thrasher .
Of area enumeration and sorting , waste transported by motor carts to hall composting ( composting chamber ) were separated by sieving area . Stacks are formed manually with rakes and spades have dimensions of 2.5 meters wide , 8 meters long , 1.5 meters high and elongated trapezoidal shaped ( windrow ) . With these dimensions , the natural aeration process is still running quite optimal . To optimize the process of making organic fertilizer , was added during the formation of a pile of cow dung is rich in microorganisms (functioning as a starter ) and nitrogen content can accelerate the composting process so that the composting process can be accelerated (accelerated ) .
Pile regularly watered to maintain moisture so that the composting process runs optomal . Watering process is done with the use of ground water sprayer / hose . water . Humidity control is strictly carried out because the surrounding air is quite hot ( the sun ) and blustery so pile into dry quickly .
Formed piles left fermented aerobically so naturally the temperature increased to 70 oC . The high temperatures can last for two weeks . After one week old pile , the pile rolled ( revolved ) to the next place . The place was empty on plot 1 is replenished with new raw materials . A week later stack on the second plot was transferred to the third plot , first plot to stack two plots . Revolving done regularly to incoming sixth plot . Once the patch is in the sixth week , a compost pile is ripe and ready for harvest. Revolving process is done manually with the help of baktor , rakes and spades .
Of the six plots , organic fertilizer products that have become ( compost ) then held in the area before sifting sifted manually and mechanically . Mechanical sieving is done if the product to be sieved is quite a lot , while for the little amount sufficient sifted manually . Diameter holes about 5 mm sieve . Used a mechanical sieve Trommel screen driven by a diesel engine . The process of making organic fertilizer ARWC method can be seen in Figure 2 .
Organic Fertilizer Production and Marketing is
Fine compost diameter of 5 mm and then sifted again with a 3 mm sieve for granules made ​​. Granule -making process is done with a rotating disc ( disc rotates ) is driven by a diesel engine that can produce about 30 kg of compost granules within 5 minutes . Granule compost produced then dried in the sun . After that , most of the granules enriched with N , P , and K in natural mixer machine as required by the consumer .

Good organic fertilizer products which have been sifted and digranul packed in transparent plastic containers labeled with the size of 5 kg . Sealing is done with electric hotseal packaging . For granular fertilizer , than packed in the size , also packed in 50 kg bags with size . Closing sacks carried by suturing. Brand of organic fertilizer that is BIOKOMPOS Bayuangga Lestari .
Organic fertilizer compost product produced meets some quality requirements as listed in the compost Compost No. SNI . 19-7030-2004 ( 2 ) . C / N ratio of compost is 18 , a value which is close to the ratio C / N soil is about 10 to 20 . Compost temperature around 25 ° C , in accordance with the temperature of the ground water . It smells like the smell of the soil because it contains materials that already resembles a soil material and blackish in color and texture as well as land . Physical and chemical characteristics of compost are presented in Table 1 .

The amount of fertilizer that has been successfully produced from May to October 2008 was 49.75 tonnes . When averaged perminggunya organic fertilizer production is 2.07 tons , while the production target is 3 tons of organic fertilizer per week .

Organic fertilizer products are marketed consists of two forms , namely the form of compost ( regular ) and granule form compost . Compost distribution ( normal ) conducted in the city of Probolinggo , while the distribution of granule compost is mostly done outside such Probolinggo Probolinggo , Malang and Nganjuk . In the city of Probolinggo , compost partially distributed to the population as a form of incentive to households that have been instrumental to sort garbage , farmer groups , and most of the other retailers didistrbusikan to ornamental plants or kiosks spread across several lanes of the road in the city of Probolinggo . The results of the application of granular products in the compost plant onions and potatoes that have been shown to increase the farmers harvest the commodity.
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Accelerated implementation of technology Revolver Windrow Composting ( ARWC ) in Probolinggo has been successfully implemented . Products, whether in the form of compost or compost granule regular , good quality and meet national standards . Processing of waste into organic fertilizer has created new employment opportunities in the field of composting and recycling of municipal solid waste and improve the efficiency of municipal waste management systems and extend the life of the landfill .
Organic fertilizer compost activities in the city of Probolinggo should be replicated in other areas with serious and professional suit local conditions as well as useful in the provision of organic fertilizer for food security and maintain the cleanliness and greenery the city but also provide economic benefits for the managers of hygiene . Therefore , such a program should be in the coming years also directed to other cities in Indonesia.